Financial Intelligence

Collections Process for Small Businesses

Every day a receivable ages past 60 days, collectibility drops. The operators who recover most of what they're owed follow a structured escalation — not an emotional one.

Prevention: The Best Collections Strategy

The highest-ROI collections activity happens before work begins. Contracts, deposits, and clear payment terms eliminate most collection problems entirely.

Require 50% deposit

Eliminates non-payment risk on half of revenue before work starts

Net 15 default terms

Shorter terms reduce average DSO by 8–15 days vs. Net 30

Late fee clause (1.5%/mo)

Creates incentive to pay on time. Must be in contract.

Credit card on file

Same-day collection. Eliminates check and ACH delay.

The Escalation Sequence

Day 1Invoice deliveryProfessional

Send invoice immediately on project completion. Do not wait for end of month.

Day 7Soft reminderFriendly

"Just checking in to confirm you received the invoice." No accusation. No urgency.

Day 28Due date noticeNeutral

Two-day advance reminder. Factual only.

Day 31Past due noticeDirect

Acknowledge it is past due. Request specific payment date.

Day 35Phone callDirect

Personal contact recovers 60–70% of 31–60 day invoices.

Day 45Second notice + service pause warningFirm

Attach late fee if applicable. Set deadline.

Day 61Final noticeUrgent

Final before escalation. Last chance to resolve.

Day 75Certified mailLegal

Creates paper trail. Often triggers payment immediately.

Day 91+Collections decisionStrategic

Agency, small claims, or attorney demand. See below.

Collections at 90+ Days: The Decision

Collections agency

When: Balances $500–$10,000. Client is still operating.

Cost: Agency takes 25–40%. You net 60–75%.

Fastest path for moderate balances. No legal cost but you lose 25–40%.

Small claims court

When: Balances under your state limit ($5k–$10k depending on state).

Cost: Filing fee $30–100. No attorney needed.

You represent yourself. High recovery rate. Judgment collectable for years.

Attorney demand letter

When: Balances $2,000+. Client is responsive but avoiding.

Cost: $150–350 for a letter. Often collects payment within 10 days.

Highest response rate. Attorney letterhead signals credibility.

Write off

When: Balance under $500, client has disappeared, or legal cost exceeds recovery.

Cost: Write off as bad debt expense. Tax deductible.

Move on. Your time has economic cost. Document everything before writing off.